模板:Qt使用方法

Qt 版本支持情况

目前各平台支持的Qt版本如下:

CPU	Debian 7	Debian 8	Debian 9	Ubuntu12.04	Ubuntu14.04	Ubuntu16.04	Yocto	BuildRoot
i.Mx6		Qt 5.5.1			Qt 5.2.1		Qt 5.6.1
i.Mx8							Qt 5.12.3
RK3288								Qt 5.9.4
RK3399								Qt 5.9.4
RK1808								Qt 5.12.2

Linux搭建Qt

Debian、Ubuntu

使用apt从官方源中获取

• Qt5安装

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install qt5-default
sudo apt-get install qtcreator

• Qt4安装

sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install qt4-dev-tools qt4-doc qt4-qtconfig qt4-demos qt4-designer qtcreator

使用源码编译

• 不建议自行编译，可能会有编译报错、运行报错的问题

wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/qtproject/archive/qt/5.9/5.9.3/single/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.3.tar.xz
xz -d qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.3.tar.xz
tar xvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.3.tar
./configure -confirm-license -opensource -release -make libs -linuxfb -xcb -pch -platform linux-aarch64-gnu-g++ -make examples -nomake tools -nomake tests -prefix /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/qt5
make -j8
make install

• 安装路径为-prefix参数后面的文件路径，还需要配置环境变量

Yocto、Buildroot

• 系统中已经内建Qt，支持的版本如上

PC端开发环境搭建

• 主机环境：Ubuntu 16.04
• 开发板平台：RK3399 Debian9

配置编译环境

• 下载源码及交叉编译工具

wget https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/6.3-2017.05/aarch64-linux-gnu/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
xz -d gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
tar -xvf gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar

wget http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.9/5.9.4/single/qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.4.tar.xz
xz -d qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.4.tar.xz
tar -xvf qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.4.tar

• 配置交叉工具链

export ARCH=arm64
export CC_PATH=/home/work/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin #交叉编译链路径
export CROSS_COMPILE=${CC_PATH}/aarch64-linux-gnu-
export PATH=${PATH}:${CC_PATH}

• 查看支持的硬件平台

ls qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.4/qtbase/mkspecs/

• 配置qmake.conf,修改如下(路径qt-everywhere-opensource-src-5.9.4/qtbase/mkspecs/linux-aarch64-gnu-g++/qmake.conf)

#
# qmake configuration for building with aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
#

MAKEFILE_GENERATOR      = UNIX
CONFIG                 += incremental
QMAKE_INCREMENTAL_STYLE = sublib

QT_QPA_DEFAULT_PLATFORM = linux #eglfs 

include(../common/linux.conf)
include(../common/gcc-base-unix.conf)
include(../common/g++-unix.conf)

# modifications to g++.conf
QMAKE_CC                = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc   #填写工具链的绝对路径，下同
QMAKE_CXX               = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
QMAKE_LINK              = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
QMAKE_LINK_SHLIB        = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-g++

# modifications to linux.conf
QMAKE_AR                = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-ar cqs
QMAKE_OBJCOPY           = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-objcopy
QMAKE_NM                = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-nm -P
QMAKE_STRIP             = /opt/gcc-linaro-6.3.1-2017.05-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-strip
load(qt_config)

• 配置configure，需要编译的库

./configure -v -prefix  /home/me/work-note/linux_app/qt5.9.4 -release -opensource -no-accessibility -xplatform linux-aarch64-gnu-g++ -optimized-qmake -pch -make tools -no-gif -no-glib -no-opengl -no-sse2 -no-sse3 -no-ssse3 -no-sse4.1 -no-sse4.2 -no-avx -make examples  -no-pkg-config -no-separate-debug-info

• 编译安装Qt

make && make install